The age of modern electrotherapy opened in 1967 when Pat Wall and Ron Melzack described their 'gate control' theory of pain reduction that led to the development of the first 'TENS' (Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation) machines. TENS is now widely used to treat chronic pain although patients can require many hours of treatment and may find the tingling sensation produced uncomfortable.
Controlling chronic pain by stimulating the spinal cord was achieved shortly afterwards using implanted stimulators. These 'SCS' (Spinal Cord Stimulation) devices are increasingly used, particularly in the USA. |
 |
In 1991 Dr Alex Macdonald and Dr Tim Coates, inspired by TENS and implanted spinal cord stimulators, succeeded in developing a method of stimulating the spinal cord that required no surgical procedure whatsoever - 'TSE' (Transcutaneous Spinal Electroanalgesia). Their method is very easy-to-use, produces little or no tingling sensations, and can treat multiple pains anywhere in the body at the same time.
Today the Macdonald and Coates' approach is available to you in its most advanced and sophisticated form - Acticare TSE - a device that is ten times more powerful than the leading portable TENS machines available on the high street. |